Chapter I: Climate change resilience for sustainable development

• The international consensus on sustainable development
• Moving climate resilience forward in implementing the
  2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
• Climate change and variability, and the uneven impacts of climate hazards
  • Uneven impacts across countries
  • Uneven impacts across population groups
  • Uneven impacts within population groups
• A framework for understanding risk and policy
  • Exposure, vulnerability and structural inequalities
  • Transformative policies for climate resilience
• Organization of the chapters of this Survey

Appendix I.1: Uncertainty of the prospects for the global distribution of income in 2050
based on alternative development pathways

Chapter II: Climate change and inequality nexus

• Introduction
• The social impact of climate change
  • Poverty and livelihoods
  • From poverty and inequality to structural inequalities
• Links between climate hazards and inequalities
  • Inequalities increase the risk of climate hazards
  • Multidimensional channels of inequality
• Inequalities and exposure to climate hazards
  • The confluence of economic and political factors
  • Demographic trends
  • Gender and livelihood patterns
• Inequalities and susceptibility to climate hazards
• Income, assets and livelihoods
• Gender and age
• Ethnicity and race
• Susceptibility to health damage
• Inequalities and the ability to cope and recover
• Recovery trajectories
• Coping capacity using own resources
• Importance of insurance
• The choice between human and physical capital
• Diversification capacity and adaptive strategies
• Common property, ecosystems and social resources
• The role of public resources
• Policy implications

Appendix II.1: Approaches to managing the risks of climate change through adaptation

Chapter III: Bringing inequalities to the forefront of climate assessments

• Introduction
• The integrated approach to climate impact assessments
  • Analytical steps and strengths of the integrated approach
  • Emphasis on mitigation and long-term climate change
  • Insufficient analysis of the macroeconomic feasibility of policies
  • The tendency to exclude inequalities or address
    them inadequately
• Analytical dimensions of inequalities in climate impact assessments
  • Livelihoods and climate-sensitive natural resources
  • Ownership of production factors and income distribution
  • Human capital, public services and resources
  • Socioeconomic characteristics at the household level
  • Vulnerability through the lens of stakeholders
• Challenges going forward

Appendix III.1: Determinants of vulnerability and resilience: a household survey-based analysis

Chapter IV: Coherent, participatory and adaptive policymaking for climate resilience

• Introduction
• Increasing policy coherence and integration across sectors
  • Integration in support of a multisectoral approach
  • Integrated policies that promote co-benefits
  • A need for coherent policies to prevent maladaptation
  • Overcoming constraints on integration
• Involving all stakeholders in identifying risks and implementing solutions
  • Why involve all stakeholders?
  • Ensuring equitable participation
  • Taking advantage of local knowledge
  • Taking advantage of local social networks
• The need for an iterative and flexible policy process to cope with uncertainties
  • Uncertainty
  • An iterative policy process
  • Low- or no-regret interventions
• Final considerations

Chapter V: Enhanced cooperation for climate-resilient development

• Introduction
• Financing local climate adaptation at a global scale
  • The many ways to count to $100 billion
  • Explaining the adaptation financing gap
  • Overcoming barriers: policy scenarios for scaling up adaptation finance
• Data and statistics for climate resilience
  • Missing data on vulnerable population groups
  • Improving statistics and indicators for addressing climate change vulnerability
• Foundations for partnerships going forward